Four Major Approaches to Clinical Psychology - 1803 Words

There are many approaches to clinical psychology; the four major approaches are in psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, and family systems. Using the four major approaches contributes to the effectiveness in treatment by identifying the goals of each approach. The paper will break down the approaches, goals, techniques, and the overall approaches used. Philosophical Origins of Clinical Psychology ApproachesAs Thomas Plante (2005) cleverly suggested, clinical psychology is both a science and an art. Scientific research and inquiry helps establish appropriate and effective therapies just as clinical experience allows for improvement in design and implementation (Plante, 2005). One of the primary aspects of clinical psychology is†¦show more content†¦Psychodynamic: Psychodynamic therapy, also known as insight-oriented therapy, focuses on unconscious processes as they are manifested in a person s present behavior. The goals of psychodynamic therapy are a client s self-awareness and understanding of the influence of the past on present behavior (plante, 2005). Cognitive-behavioral: The cognitive approach is presented here following the behavioral discussion. During the 1970s, many researchers and clinicians adhering to the behavioral approach to research and treatment acknowledged a number of significant limitations in their model. Primarily, a strict focus on overt behavior neglected the contributions of thinking and attitudes in human behavior. Cognitive approaches with behavioral approaches. Treatment focusing on changing thinking, feeling, and expectations became as important as the goal of changing overt behavior (plante, 2005). Humanistic: The humanistic approach employed philosophy, existentialism, and theories of human growth and potential to understand human behavior and offer strategies for psychological treatment. The humanistic approach focused on the patient s experience or phenomenology of their concerns and offered warmth, empathy, and unconditional positive regard in psychotherapeutic interactions (Plante, 2005). Family systems: The family systems approaches tend toShow MoreRelated Clinical Psychology Essay1452 Words   |  6 PagesClinical Psychology Psychology is an extraordinarily diverse field with hundreds of career paths. Some specialties, like treating the mentally ill, are familiar to most. Others, like helping with the design of advanced computer systems or studying memory, are less well-known. What psychologists have in common is a shared interest in mind and behavior. In their work they draw on an ever-expanding body of scientific knowledge about how humans think, act, and feel, and apply the information to theirRead MoreClinical Psychology and Psychiatrist1024 Words   |  5 Pages Many people confuse clinical psychology with psychiatrist thinking that it is the same thing When, in reality it is not. Clinical Psychology is the study of the emotional, biological, psychological, social influences, and intellectual abilities (â€Å"Society of Clinical Psychology.†). They are trained to diagnose, treat, and study people who are mentally ill. A clinical psychologist usually does four to five years of graduate work, and one year internship under the supervision of a practicing psychologistRead MorePsychology : Theory Of Psychology1637 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction to Psychology Module 1. Explain how a person committed to each of the following contemporary perspectives would explain human aggression. a. Psychodynamic: A person committed to psychodynamics would see that human functions are based on the interaction of drives and forces within the unconscious mind of a person. This influences different structures of the personality of the person as well. In addition, a person that is committed to psychodynamics would believe that the fundamentalRead MoreFactors Role In Evidence Based Practice959 Words   |  4 PagesRole in Expanding Evidence-Based Practice Since the establishment of psychoanalytic therapy, and throughout the modern era of psychology there has been a strong tradition of following one of the Grand Theories. During this time, many practitioners exhibited considerable dogmatic allegiance to theoretical orientations (Norcross Goldfried, 2005). As the field of psychology matured into the post-modern era, there has been a shift away from factionalism and parochialism toward one of open dialogueRead MoreAbnormal Psychology1154 Words   |  5 Pages Abnormal Psychology: The field of abnormal psychology is a scientific discipline that focuses on examining the causes of mental dysfunction or abnormal behavior. Some of the major areas of study in this field include emotional disturbance, psychopathology, mental illness, and maladjustment. This scientific discipline examines abnormal behavior since such actions are expressed due to psychological dysfunction that contains some features of deviance, potential injury, and distress. As various typesRead MoreThe Crime Of Crime And Crime1180 Words   |  5 Pagesforensic procedures help in solving many crimes as it is portrayed in fictional television shows such as CSI. Contributions from psychology are slowly emerging to keep up with these developments from the natural sciences. There are many different ways in which psychology can contribute to police work. All are brought up together under the field of investigative psychology. The contributions that psychologist can make to police investigations have been most widely known and understood in terms ofRead MoreMajor Approaches to Clinical Psychology Essay1850 Words   |  8 PagesMajor approaches to Clinical Psychology There are 4 approaches to the field of clinical psychology; they are in psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, and family systems. In the field of clinical psychology, applying these four major approaches contributes to the efficiency in treatment by classifying the goals of each approach. In this paper, the approaches, goals, techniques, and the overall approaches used will be broken down and described. Psychodynamic Approach Philosophical OriginsRead MoreDetailed Analysis on Personality Disorders479 Words   |  2 Pagespsychological triggers that the doctor can then analyze. Psychotherapy is thus an umbrella term for many types of interventions, and these differ based on the individual. Some define this type of therapy as the informed and intentional application of clinical methods and interpersonal stances derived from established psychological principles for the purpose of assisting people to modify their behaviors, cognitions, emotions and/or other personal characteristics in directions that the participants deemRead MoreCritical Thinking And Scientific Method847 Words   |  4 Pages In psychology today, scientist use a very methodical approach to their experiments and research. The main two that they tend to use is critical thinking and scientific method. Critical thinking is defined as the process of thinking deeply and actively asking questions and evaluating evidence (Facione, 2011). Analytica lly thinking is something that many people use majority of the time without ever recognizing or realizing what it is that they are doing. Scientific method on the other hand, is whenRead MoreWhy Is Personal Meaning So Important For Individuals? How Can Religion Help One Find A Sense Of Meaning850 Words   |  4 Pagessame for a different individual. For instance, many find the meaning of life through their religion while atheist find fulfillment in other things different than religion. For many, religion continues to well serve as a provider of meaning. There are four criteria by with religion is uniquely capable of providing global meaning: comprehensiveness, accessibility, transcendence, and direct claims Religion is the most comprehensive of all meaning systems in that it can subsume many others source of meaning

The Importance of Legalizing Marijuana - 701 Words

When was it considered bad to smoke. Many do it but are condemned to certain parameters. Cigarettes as well as cigars, but lets not leave the ones who smoke marijuana. When was it decided that smoking tobacco is okay when composed of multiple chemicals and the plant, but something that is mostly grown naturally is bad. Controversy over whether marijuana should be legalized has been a hot topic issue since decades ago but not many want to deal with it since many see it as a too taboo of a topic. It is arguable that both are bad but why not legalize it in an aspect of growing and prosperity,as in the medical field, also regarding the government, and also for the fact of recreational use as that of tobacco. We deny that it is good but also only show the negativity of what it does. We have a problem and only way to solve it is to legalize marijuana. Looking upon the structure for it nowadays, it is deemed bad and a waste of money trying to stop the use. Medical advances are being made but not everyone supports maybe great-grandparents will support it, but who else. Recreationally it doesnt benefit but it would not do harm either only to the users and the ones around it while smoking it. The government is putting this hot button issue aside but when will it be okay to talk about legalization of marijuana. Once all the other problems are solved no. This leads into how the government actually harms this problem more than anyone. The government has multiple ways of advertisingShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1030 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana should not be legalized There are many reasons why marijuana should not be legalized. There are also reasons why marijuana should be legalized. However, the cons for legalizing marijuana outweigh the pros, which lead to why marijuana should not be legalized. The topic of marijuana is extremely important in our society and one worth investigating. It was a blast finding information that I didn’t know about this topic. In this essay, I will break down facts, statistics, and data aboutRead More Legalizing Marijuana Will Decreased Crime Essay1429 Words   |  6 Pages Marijuana is the cause of much commotion and debating, as the question of legalization becomes more of an issue. Drugs are a major influential force in countries all over the world today. Legalization is an option that has not had a chance, but really should be given one. Although many people feel that legalizing marijuana would increase the amount of drug use, legalization would benefit for the following reasons: 1)reduction of mone y spent on law enforcement 2)increase in the countries revenueRead MoreDrugs and Crime1513 Words   |  7 PagesDrugs and Crime Drugs and crime are literally everywhere. Drug abuse and crime go hand-in-hand. Drugs cause crime. Legalizing drugs is not the answer. Punishments should fit the crime. Repeat offenders should have harsher punishments. The history of drugs shows increasing drug use, abuse, and crime rates that relate to drug use and abuse. The History of Drugs â€Å"Human beings have always had a desire to eat or drink substances that make them feel relaxed, stimulated, or euphoric.†Read MoreMarijuana as Medical Treatment917 Words   |  4 Pages Marijuana as medical treatment Should marijuana become legal in our country as a prescription and clinical drug for medicinal treatment? Imagine somebody that you love lying in bed at a hospital and having just undergone chemotherapy for their cancer treatment; Side effects of chemotherapy like constantly vomiting, fatigue and pain are difficult to tolerate every day. Doctor can prescribe medication, but any of it has absolutely no effectRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Marijuana1203 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana, also known as cannabis, is referred to as many different names by people from different parts of the world. It is used for both medical and recreational purposes. Smoking marijuana, eating it within foods, vaporizing it, and using it as an extract are some of the ways individuals consumed it. Some people use Marijuana because of the physical and mental effects it has on the physical body. After consuming marijuana, a person experiences feelings like heightened mood, increase in appetiteRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1231 Words   |  5 Pagesshows the positive benefits of marijuana, it remains illegal under federal law. In recent years, numerous states have defied federal law and legalized marijuana for both recreational and medicinal use. Arizona has legalized marijuana for medical use, but it still remains illegal to use recreationally. This is absurd, as the evidence gathered over the last few decades strongly supports the notion that it is safer than alcohol, a widely available substance. 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Lesson Plans and Lesson Presentations Free Essays

Lesson 1 Course: World History   Date: Grade level: 9,10,11 Estimated time: 1hour 30 minutes Topic:   The beginning of the WWII Arizona State Standards: Bell Work: Do you know what war is considered to be the greatest tragedy of all nations? Do you agree wiyh this definition? Why or why not? How do you personally feel about WWII? Anticipatory Set: (Motivation) The students are shown 5 minute video stating the losses that the world in general and the US in particular had to suffer after the WWII. Lesson Objective: Students will be able to identify: The causes of the WWII; Main participants; The start of the war. Students will be able to write at least 2 main dates in the history of WWII. We will write a custom essay sample on Lesson Plans and Lesson Presentations or any similar topic only for you Order Now The students will be able to form their own opinion who was the initiator of the war and how it could be avoided, if could at all. The main conceptual objective is to make students critically think and analyse historical events. Lesson Overview/Procedure: The teacher asks the students to remember what had happened after the WWI and what specific treaties were signed. Then he/she leads active discussion about Versailles Treaty, its positive and negative sides. In advance, the teacher gives an individual task for three students to prepare an overview of economic and political situation in postwar Germany, Italy, and Japan respectively. After that, the class is divided into 5 groups representing five countries (regions): Germany, Italy, Japan, former USSR plus Western Europe, and the USA. All of these groups are given 7 minutes to prepare their possible reasons to be engaged in the war. When all of the reasons are announced, the teacher summarizes them and writes down the correct ones on the blackboard. Then the teacher asks one student (voluntarily) to identify key participants of the war, and again writes them on the blackboard. At this time another student is asked to show these countries on the map, pointing specifically at the territories they aspire to gain after the war. All this takes 40-45 minutes. After that the teacher initiates the topic about Moscow conference and invites three students to represent Molotov, Ribbentrop and Churchill. The teacher asks students to defend the interests of their countries (USSR, Germany and Britain respectively), and the rest of the class should be willing to help. When the discussion is over, the teacher reveals the secret Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and explains its importance in the world history. After that he/she makes a short overview of the first military actions that signified the start of the WWII. Along with students he/she writes down the main dates: Hitler’s party foundation; Moscow conference; Molotov-Ribbentrop secret Pact; The official start of the WWII. Closure: The teacher gives the students a short quiz summarizing the key points of the lesson. In order to avoid students fear and resentment, he/she allows them to use their notes to answer the questions. When they are done, the teacher tells the correct answers and asks the students to check their own work. Only the good grades are fixed. However, the teacher warns that next time all the marks (both good and bad will be put). Extension/Fast finishers: For those who finishes quiz quickly, the teacher asks to fill in the table stating: The reasons of the war for specific countries; Country’s prominent political leaders; Country’s interest in the war. Each fast finisher gets a separate country. The teacher could check the assignment during the class (if there is enough time or prepare them for the next one). Assessment/Evaluation: The teacher refers to the objectives attained as the result of the lesson. Then, he points that in order to develop further students’ critical thinking skills he assigns the following homework. He/she also might ask students how they liked the interactive games and dialogues in order to evaluate the effectiveness of such method of teaching. Individual Student Practice: To write a two page essay expressing own opinion about what parties were guilty and why, and how the war could be possibly avoided, if could be at all. Teacher Reflection References: 1. Breuer B. â€Å"Deceptions of WWII† Wiley: New York, 2001 2. Morton L. â€Å"Targeting the World War II Generation† In Public Relations Quarterly. Vol.: 49., 2004 3. O’Brien K. â€Å"The Home-Front War: World War II and American Society† Greenwood Press: Westport, CT, 1995 Materials List: textbook, notebook, hand map, pens/pencils Lesson 2 Course: American History   Date: Grade level: 11 Estimated time: 1hour 30 minutes Topic:   Veteran’s Day Arizona State Standards: Bell Work: Do any of you have grandparents who survived the WWII? Did your relatives participate in any other American war? What does it mean to them? Did they share the memories? Anticipatory Set: (Motivation) Can you count all people you know that have taken part in any American war? Do you consider them heroes? Can you write just one sentence for them to tell or to send as a message to thank for their effort at this glorifying date — Veteran’s Day. Lesson Objective: Students will be able to identify all the significant events in the US history involving wars. Students will be able recall the history of the Veteran’s Day holiday. Students will define the significance of the holiday for present and future generations. Lesson Overview/Procedure: The teacher asks the students to recall the major events in the US history, which involved military actions. He writes them all on the blackboard. Then the teacher invites one student to put those events/wars in the chronological order. When the student is done, the teacher together with the rest of the class checks the assignment. The teacher asks the student to choose four major American wars and divides the class into four groups accordingly. Each group is given 10 minutes to prepare a short report about the war (everything they know) including the memories of their relatives about the event (for instance, about the WWII). If possible, it is useful to provide each group with one laptop in order for them to make power point presentation. Then each group presents their overview and exchanges the opinion. Basically, the teacher doesn’t intrude, but just direct the discussion and control the time. When the discussion is over, the teacher tells who played a significant role founding the Veteran’s Day as it is. In advance, the teacher also arranges for one veteran of WWII to come to the class and share the experience. The teacher leaves 15-20 minutes for this veteran to share his experience. Extension/Fast finishers: For the group that makes presentation fast, the teacher prepares a statistical information about how many veterans there are in the USA, in what regions etc. He/she asks the group to get familiar with the information and to present it for additional mark. Another possible task is to write the slogans glorifying the courage of those participated in the war. After the writings are done, the big board should be hang on the blackboard. Closure: At the end of the class the teacher collects the writings with greetings and wishes that students made at the beginning of the lesson and gives them to the veteran invited. He also gives the task for three students to prepare one war poem and learn it by heart. The end of the class is signified by reading of these three poems. Assessment/Evaluation: The teacher encourages the student to say a few words about the significance of the Veteran’s Day for them personally and for future generations. He asks the students to greet their relatives and other people they know who participated in the War. Individual Student Practice: The teacher asks to research the history of the Veteran’s day and prepare a detailed plan stating the main branches of the Veteran’s Day development. Teacher Reflection References: 1. Veteran’s day. Available: http://www.infoplease.com/spot/veteransday1.html 2. The History of Veteran’s day. Oct. 3, 2003. Available: http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/faq/vetsday/vetshist.htm 3. Adrian G. â€Å"The Silence of Memory: Armistice Day, 1919-1946† Berg: Oxford, 1994 Materials List: notebooks, separate sheet of paper, pen/pencil, laptop (if available) How to cite Lesson Plans and Lesson Presentations, Essay examples